http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-32525180
1.enact = to make (a bill or other legislation) officially become part of the law
2.emission = the act of producing or sending out something (such as energy or gas) from a source
3. predecessor = something that comes before something else
4.penalise = to punish (someone or something) for breaking a rule or a law
: to give (someone) an unfair disadvantage
penalize
the injection of fluid into shale beds at high pressure in order to free up petroleum resources (such as oil or natural gas)